Air pollution is the contagion of earths atmosphere threatening the survival of plants, animals and humans. Impacts of air pollution on human health, ecosystems and. Keep reading to learn more about the different types of air pollution, their effects, and possible ways to control them. Air pollution reduces plant biodiversity and affects other ecosystem services, such as clean water, recreational activities and carbon storage.
Air pollution is unclean, unsafe and unhealthy atmosphere causing. The cause and effect relationship of air pollution and chronic effects on health is in a way difficult to prove due to long time contact and. Radioactive fallout causes air pollution from the nuclear energy dispersed, which is a dust. Particulate matter small particles emitted from fossil fuel burning and natural fires cause human health problems and lead to soiling of materials and damage to. Causes and effects of air pollution go green academy.
Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and. Environmental pollution usually occurs as a result of energy conversions and the use of resources which leaves their byproducts behind in water, soil or air. Human activity is a major cause of air pollution, much of which results from industrial processes. Acid rain is precipitation containing harmful amounts of nitric and. Ambient air pollution in urban areas and indoor air pollution are associated with adverse health effects and premature mortality. Air pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air. A wide range of adverse effects of ambient air pollution on health has been well documented by studies conducted in various parts of the world. Air pollution has multiple sources, including natural as well as manmade sources. Climate change also increases the production of allergenic air pollutants including mold thanks to damp conditions caused by extreme weather and increased flooding.
Apr 03, 2020 air pollution has multiple sources, including natural as well as manmade sources. It creates smog and acid rain, causes cancer and respiratory diseases, reduces the ozone layer atmosphere and contributes to global warming. It creates respiratory problems and exacerbates existing conditions such as asthma and emphysema. Its effects can range from higher disease risks to rising temperatures. Air pollution reduces the economic value of crops and leads to expensive cleaning of cultural heritage. Air pollution occurs when certain gases and particles build up in the atmosphere to such levels that they can cause harm to our health, causing breathing and. Air pollution deaths run into the millions every year but according to reports by the world health organisation, more deaths are linked to indoor sources of air pollution than to outdoor sources. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night increasing the amount of co 2 in the atmosphere. Review of solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy security mark z. Air pollutions causes and effects remain serious worldwide problems despite efforts to curb them. Air pollution and its control measures sameer kumar1 and dhruv katoria2 department of environment engineering, delhi technological university d. Air pollution is caused by harmful manmade and natural substances being introduced into the earths atmosphere.
Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution. Some of the air pollutants, their sources, and effects. Air pollutants are relatively shortlived, particularly compared with longlived greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide co 2, and measures to control air pollutants could have an effect on climate change in the shortterm. Air pollution can be divided into fine particles, groundlevel ozone, lead, oxides of sulfur and nitrate, and carbon monoxide. Definitions and classifications used in the study of air pollution are introduced. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. Also introduced are a brief history of air pollution. When continually exposed to air pollution, humans become at higher risk for cardiovascular disease. Air pollution is an important determinant of health. Air pollution is one of the major environmental problems in the world. You will notice that there are long tubes called chimneys erected high into the air, with lots of smoke and fumes coming out of it. Ambient air pollution in urban areas and indoor air pollution are associated. High levels of no x can have an adverse effect on vegetation, including leaf or needle damage and reduced growth. Review of solutions to global warming, air pollution, and.
Household air pollution hap, also known as indoor air pollution iap, is a serious area of concern in rural spaces, as majority of this population. The weight of an air contaminant in a cubic meter of air 3mgm and the volume ratio ppm v, or just ppm are normally used. In addition, air pollution can be divided into primary and secondary types. Benefits associated with air pollutant producing activities v. Apr, 2016 human activity is a major cause of air pollution, much of which results from industrial processes. Health effects of ambient air pollution in developing countries mdpi. The present book is devoted to an indepthanalysis ofthe gen eration and control of air pollutants at their source, which we refer to as air pollution engineering. Air pollution s causes and effects remain serious worldwide problems despite efforts to curb them. Outdoor air pollution was responsible for 6,20,000 deaths in 2010. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and management. We also cause air pollution indirectly, when we buy goods and services that use energy in their production and delivery. Air pollution is caused by a wide variety of things.
In addition to air pollution, this industry also causes impairment to the health of the workers, and is classified as a unit carrying on hazardous process. This information is gathered through a questionnaire conducted in various study areas both within and outside the sdb, then compared with demographic variables. Sulfur dioxide is a major modern air pollutant, and according to national geographic, volcanoes can release enough sulfur dioxide into the air to influence global cooling. Reduce your risk by using the air quality index aqi to plan outdoor activities. Air pollution facts, causes and the effects of pollutants. Air pollution is defined as the introduction of pollutants, organic molecules, or other unsafe materials into earths atmosphere.
Most of this air pollution we cause results from the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas, and gasoline to produce. Some pollution comes in a visible form, like pieces of plastic washed up on our beaches or illegal dumpsites in groves nearby large cities, other pollution comes in a hidden and perhaps even more dangerous form, in the air we breathe daily. Another type of air pollution is then worsened by that increased heat. Hazardous chemicals can escape to the environment by accident, but a number of air pollutants are released from industrial facilities and other activities and may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. Abstract air pollution are basically the foreign material in the aircan be manmade or occur naturally, and are concentrated where people are concentrated. Air pollution is a major cause of noncommunicable diseases. This sixth edition of the epa air pollution control cost manual was prepared by the air quality strategies and standards division of the office of air quality planning and standards, u. In fact, natural processes release lots of substances into the air that are classed as pollution. Pdf environmental pollution causes and consequences. Environmental protection agency, research triangle park, nc 27711.
Carbon is quite toxic and causes a negative effect to the environment. But if you are concerned about air pollution, there is a free and easy to use service that allows you to check levels in your area. Among the leading causes of air pollution, human transportation is by far the most prominent. In this industrial age, air pollution cannot be eliminated completely.
The cost of air pollution consequences on the economy p. Pdf air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and. The introduction by man into the environment of substances or energy liable to cause hazards to human. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. Smog forms when the weather is warmer and theres more ultraviolet radiation. The united states, which constitutes for approximately 5 percent of the world population, alone produces 25 percent of the total carbon dioxide in the world. Agencies involved in air pollution assessment and control vi. What are the causes of air pollution pollutant description and main uk sources potential effects on healthenvironment particulate matter pmpm 10 and pm 2. Causes of air pollution the impact of air pollution. No 2 also enhances the response to allergens in sensitive individuals. The air is certainly a lot cleaner today than in the days of the smogs of the 1950s, when factory chimneys belched out smoke and nearly everyone had a coal fire. For environmental health science students air pollution mengesha admassu, mamo wubeshet university of gondar in collaboration with the ethiopia public health training initiative, the carter center, the ethiopia ministry of health, and the ethiopia ministry of education august 2006.
Air pollution is among the leading causes of death in india the global burden of disease report has ranked outdoor air pollution as the fifth leading cause of death in india and indoor air pollution as the third leading cause. There is significant inequality in exposure to air pollution and related. Deposition of pollutants derived from no x emissions contribute. Emissions from industries and manufacturing activities consider a typical manufacturing plant. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Download a detailed list of the above pollutants what are the causes of air pollution pdf 9kb. Household air pollution hap, also known as indoor air pollution iap, is a serious. Topics covered include chemical pollution of freshwater and marine environments, drinking water quality, water pollution biology, sewage and its treatment, toxic wastes, air pollution and atmospheric chemistry, control of pollutant emissions, land contamination, solid waste management, clean technologies, persistent organic pollutants in the. Air pollution is unclean, unsafe and unhealthy atmosphere causing various harmful diseases and conditions. A comprehensive treatment ofeach ofthese three areas is beyond the scope of a single book, however. Air pollution threatens the health of humans and other living beings in our planet. Long term exposure may affect lung function and respiratory symptoms.
Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to. Begin by giving a little of the history of outdoor air pollution. The causes include fossilfuel burning and greenhouse gases. It is the contaminants of air by the discharge of detrimental substances. Human activities that result in air pollution include. Pollution from natural occurrences is not very often. The presence of one or more contaminants like dust, smoke, mist and odor in the atmosphere which are injurious to human beings, plants and animals. Children living near diesel trucking routes are more likely to have decreased lung function, bronchitis and allergies. Air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and premature death.
Pdf air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes or smoke or. Air pollution is a mix of particles and gases that can reach harmful concentrations both outside and indoors. Air pollution may result in negative effects such as global warming, respiratory and heart complications, acid rain, destruction of the ozone layer and destruction of natural habitats. Air pollution contributes to climate change, hence air pollution. Air pollution is caused when air in the atmosphere is filled with particulate matter. This can be in the form of excessive gases like carbon dioxide and other vapours that cannot be effectively removed through natural cycles, such as the carbon cycle or the nitrogen cycle.
Sometimes people think of air pollution as entirely manmade. An introduction to air pollution definitions, classifications, and history. Urban air pollution is largely a result of combustion of fossil fuels that are used in transportation, power generation, industrial sector, and other economic activities. We cause air pollution directly through our use of electricity, fuels, and transportation. Additionally, the team will discuss a case study regarding the effects of air pollution in uae.
Along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes. Historically, the main air pollution problem in both developed and rapidly industrialising countries has typically been high levels of smoke and sulphur dioxide emitted following the combustion of sulphurcontaining fossil fuels such as coal. Air pollution is the presence of one or more disadvantageous content in such quantity and for such duration, as it is catastrophic, or tend to be catastrophic, to human health and welfare, animal or plant life. Published by the arab school for science and technology asst. Air pollution is known to cause irritation in the eyes, lungs, nose, and throat. This air pollution destroys plants, damages buildings and creates oxidation on iron.
The goal of the project is to study the cause of the air pollution in uae and how it can affect the environment. In children, air pollution is linked to asthma and bronchitis, increases in school absences and er visits. In addition, solution for protecting the air pollution will be studied in order to have better environment to live in. The radiations destroy the cells in human body and causes cancer. Noxious health effects caused by air pollution can be classified as due to either chronic or acute exposure. Factories, office buildings, homes and powergenerating stations burn fossil fuels, which cause air pollution. Plan strenuous outside activities when air quality is better. Natural pollution volcanic eruptions, forest fires, biological decay.
Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as. Ambient air pollution levels in urban areas increased substantially in the last decades. Jacobson received 12th june 2008, accepted 31st october 2008 first published as an advance article on the web 1st december 2008 doi. Technology has begun to solve some pollution problems, and public awareness of the extent of pollution will eventually make government bodies to be more proactive rather than. Air pollution and climate change european commission. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india.
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